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silverwind
c4caf767ad
Documents the `self:` and `builtin:` action prefixes from https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/pull/39358, https://gitea.com/gitea/runner/pulls/1233 and https://gitea.com/gitea/runner/pulls/871, workflow-relative `$/` actions, and the runner's OpenTelemetry tracing from https://gitea.com/gitea/runner/pulls/1206. 1. Trims the action resolution and `DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL` docs to state each fact once. 1. Drops outdated runner content from the FAQ and design pages. 1. Syncs zh-cn and zh-tw, including a port of the token permissions page they now link to. _Written by Claude._ Reviewed-on: https://gitea.com/gitea/docs/pulls/553 Reviewed-by: bircni <[email protected]> Co-authored-by: silverwind <[email protected]>
103 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
103 lines
4.2 KiB
Markdown
---
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date: "2023-05-24T15:00:00+08:00"
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slug: "comparison"
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sidebar_position: 15
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---
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# 與GitHub Actions的對比
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Gitea Actions 旨在與 GitHub Actions 相容，差異如下。
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## 額外功能
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<a id="absolute-action-urls"></a>
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### Action URL絕對路徑
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`uses:` 接受指向任意 Git 主機的絕對 URL，例如 `uses: https://gitea.com/actions/checkout@v4`。
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<a id="action-prefixes"></a>
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### Action 前綴
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`uses:` 接受以下前綴：
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- `self:` 參照您自己的 Gitea 實例，例如 `uses: self:owner/repo@v1` 或 `uses: self:owner/repo/.gitea/workflows/build.yml@v1`
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- `builtin:` 執行 Gitea Runner 內建的 Action，無需下載，Job 映像檔中也不需要 Node，例如 `uses: builtin:checkout`
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`builtin:checkout` 支援 `actions/checkout` 的 `repository`、`ref`、`token`、`path` 和 `fetch-depth` 輸入，預設值相同，其他輸入會使步驟失敗。
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<a id="workflow-relative-actions"></a>
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### 相對於工作流的 Actions
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`$/` 參照工作流（或外層複合 Action）所在的儲存庫與提交，例如 `uses: $/.gitea/actions/build`。
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與 `./` 不同，它不需要事先簽出程式碼。
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### 使用Go編寫Actions
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請參閱[建立 Go Actions](https://blog.gitea.com/creating-go-actions/)。
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### 支援非標準的調度語法 @yearly, @monthly, @weekly, @daily, @hourly
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`schedule` 也接受 `@yearly`、`@monthly`、`@weekly`、`@daily` 和 `@hourly`，[GitHub 則不支援](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/events-that-trigger-workflows#schedule)。
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## 不支援的工作流語法
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### `jobs.<job_id>.environment`
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[`jobs.<job_id>.environment`](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjob_idenvironment) 會被忽略。
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### 複雜的`runs-on`
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[`runs-on`](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-syntax-for-github-actions#jobsjob_idruns-on) 支援：
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- 靜態字串：`runs-on: self-hosted`
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- 標籤陣列：`runs-on: [linux, self-hosted]`
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- 字串表達式：`runs-on: ${{ github.event_name == 'push' && 'ubuntu-latest' || 'self-hosted' }}`
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- 包含表達式的陣列：`runs-on: [linux, "${{ github.event_name == 'push' && 'ubuntu-latest' || 'self-hosted' }}"]`
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## 缺失的功能
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### 套件儲存庫授權
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`GITEA_TOKEN` 無法發佈到其所屬儲存庫的套件註冊表，例如無法推送 OCI 鏡像。
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請改用個人存取權杖，參見[這個工單](https://github.com/go-gitea/gitea/issues/23642#issuecomment-2119876692)。
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### 問題匹配器
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[問題匹配器](https://github.com/actions/toolkit/blob/main/docs/problem-matchers.md)會被忽略。
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### 為錯誤建立註釋
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[錯誤註釋](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/using-workflows/workflow-commands-for-github-actions#example-creating-an-annotation-for-an-error)會被忽略。
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### 表達式
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[表達式](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/expressions)支援 GitHub 的標準函式與上下文。
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## 缺失的UI功能
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### 預處理和後處理步驟
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預處理和後處理步驟在 Job 日誌中沒有各自獨立的區塊。
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### 服務步驟
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服務步驟在 Job 日誌中沒有各自獨立的區塊。
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## 不一樣的行為
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### `permissions`和`jobs.<job_id>.permissions`
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`permissions` 和 `jobs.<job_id>.permissions` 控制 `GITEA_TOKEN` 的權限，其權限受儲存庫與所有者設定的限制，對於來自 fork 的拉取請求和跨儲存庫存取還會進一步受限。
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不支援 `statuses`、`checks`、`deployments`、`id-token`、`security-events` 和 `pages` 等 GitHub 專屬範圍，而 Gitea 另外提供 `code`、`releases`、`wiki` 和 `projects`。
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請參閱 [Actions Job 令牌權限](token-permissions.md)。
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### 下載Actions
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未指定主機的 Actions，例如 `uses: actions/checkout@v4`，會從 `https://github.com` 下載，若 `[actions].DEFAULT_ACTIONS_URL` 為 `self`，則從您自己的實例下載。
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請參閱[設定速查表](../../administration/config-cheat-sheet.md#actions-actions)。
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其他來源請參閱 [Action URL絕對路徑](#absolute-action-urls)、[Action 前綴](#action-prefixes)和[相對於工作流的 Actions](#workflow-relative-actions)。
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### 上下文可用性
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不檢查[上下文可用性](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/learn-github-actions/contexts#context-availability)，因此 `env` 等上下文可以在更多地方使用。
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